The University of Al-Qarawiyyin is one of the world’s oldest and most renowned schools. Established in the 9th century, it is the oldest university still in use, according to both UNESCO and Guinness World Records. Nestled in the middle of Fez, Morocco, it has contributed significantly to the growth of culture, knowledge, and Islamic study, drawing students and scholars from all over the Muslim world and beyond.
History and Foundation
Fatima al-Fihri, a fantastic woman with much vision and commitment, started the university in 859 AD. She began a place for study and worship with the money she inherited from her wealthy merchant father. Before it became a famous university, it was an Islamic school called a madrasa connected to the Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque.
The school grew into a learning center, helping students learn about theology, law, math, astronomy, medicine, and philosophy. There is evidence that scholars like Averroes (Ibn Rushd), Maimonides, and Leo Africanus were linked to this institution as students or as people who helped it grow academically.
Location and Architecture
The University of Al-Qarawiyyin is located in the old Medina of Fez, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is part of the Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque complex. Fez is famous for its Andalusian and Moroccan buildings, which feature beautifully crafted geometric patterns, calligraphy, and zellij (mosaic tiles).
Along with its famous library, one of the oldest in the world, the university has a vast collection of papers and old books. The library contains a 9th-century Quran and works by famous thinkers like Ibn Khaldun and Al-Battani.
Academic and Cultural Role
In the past, the University of Al-Qarawiyyin was where people from the Islamic world and Europe could share their ideas. Al-Qarawiyyin’s writings spread to Andalusia (Islamic Spain) in the Middle Ages. They impacted European thinkers, who in turn influenced the Renaissance.
The university is still a central hub for Islamic studies and teaches the fundamentals of Islam (Fiqh), Arabic grammar, and religion. As part of Morocco’s modern education system, it still uses traditional teaching methods, such as passing on knowledge orally and having deep philosophical talks.
Tourism and Heritage
The University of Al-Qarawiyyin is also a famous tourist spot and an important educational institution. People see its beautiful design, historical value, and peaceful courtyards worldwide. Although non-Muslims are not allowed in the prayer place, they can enjoy the courtyards and library and learn about the building’s history and vital role in shaping education worldwide.
Due to its university, Fez is a cultural and spiritual center that people interested in history, art, and Islamic culture should visit.
University of Al-Qarawiyyin: 8 Key Facts
- It was started in 859 by Fatima al-Fihri in Fez.
- UNESCO and Guinness World Records list it as the world’s oldest university.
- Still Running—It is still used as a university and mosque.
- Islamic and Scientific Learning—Taught medicine, math, and religion.
- Affected education in Europe—helped form universities in medieval Europe.
- A historic library, one of the oldest in the world, and home to rare texts.
- Beautiful Architecture: It has lovely patterns from Morocco and Spain.
- Spiritual and Intellectual Center: An important building in the Islamic world.
Being a historical site, the University of Al-Qarawiyyin is a live example of how people have always been interested in learning. Inspiring generations of scholars, it has changed how people learn worldwide and remains a symbol of culture and intellectual heritage. A school, a historical site, or a tourist draw, Al-Qarawiyyin is still seen as a source of wisdom and a proud example of Morocco’s long academic history.
